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6 Sheet -Sheet 1.

O.'BULLOOK 8v. w. H. PORTY. LOOM FOR WEAVING MATS, &0., FROM GOIR YARN- No. 549,182. Patented N0v..-5, 1895.

(No Model.)

AN DREW BJSRAHAM. PHUTDUTMO. WISHING-[UNIV C 6 Sheets-Sheet 2. 0. BULLOCK 85 W. H. PO'RTY. LOOMFOR WEAVING MATS, 850., PROM GOIR YARN.

.(No Model.)

No. 549,182. PateptedNOv. 5," 1896.

am MM w'w (No Model.) I 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 0. BULLOCK '8; W. H; FORTY; LOOM FOR WBAVING MATS, &c., FROM OOI-R YARN.

No. 549,182. Patented NOVr5, 1895.

ANDREW EGRANAPL FNOTO LITKQWASHINGIOk D.C

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

0. BULLOCK & W. H. FOR-TY. LOOM FOR WEAVINGM-ATS; &o.,-IEROM- 001R YARN.

No. 549,182. Patented Nov. 5.1895.

AN DRDN EJSRAHAM. FHOTOUTHQWASHINFI'ONJ C.

(No Mode1.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

0. BULLOCK & W. H. PORTY. LOOM FOR WHAVING MATS; 8m PROM 001B. YARN.

- No. 549,182. Patented Nov. 5, 1895.

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(No Model.) 6 SheetsSheet 6. O. BULLOCK & W. H; FOBTY. LOOM FOR WEAVING MATS, &n., FROM 001B YARN.

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFIcE.

OWVEN BULLOCK AND WILLIAM HENRY FORTY, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

LOOM FOR WEAVING MATS, 86s., FROM com YARN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 549,182, dated November 5, 1895.

Application filedApril 2, 1894. Serial No. 506,098. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that we, OWEN BULLOCK, engineer, of 46 Russell Road, and WILLIAM HENRY FORTY, engineer, of 8 Russell Road, Victoria Docks, London, England, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented a certain new and useful Power- Loom for Weaving. Mats or other Similar Fabrics from Coir Yarn, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a loom for the manufacture of mats or similar fabrics, and is intended to provide an apparatus which will weave the mats in a moreeft'ective manner than has hitherto been the case, and which will be less expensive. Instead of forming the pile from small cut pieces or thrums, which are cut from yarnsv before being threaded on the warp, the pile is formed by continuous threads, which are woven with the ordinary web and in much the same manner as the warp, being afterward cut. WVith this arrangement the evenness of the pile isinsured without requiring any further trimming. The mats are woven double-that is, there are two warps and two shuttles carrying the weftsthe webs thus formed being situated one above the other and formed at the same time, both shuttles being thrown from side to side by the same action. The pile-threads are between alternate warps and connect the two webs together, each threadbeing passed over one weft, and then at the next operation around the weft-thread above or below, alternate threads passing over or under each top or. bottom weft. These webs are kept at a regular distance apart by two beaterbars of the required width, which after each throw of the shuttle move forward, pushing the pile-threads into proper position, the width of the bars regulating the distance apart of the webs and consequently the depth of the pile. As the mats are wound oi the machine a knife of suitable construction is caused to cut the cross-threads forming the pile at the middle, severing the webs into two mats with piles of even thickness, which are drawn off over top and bottomrollers, respectively.

The accompanying drawings illustrate our invention and the working of the complete apparatus.

Figures 1 and 1 show a side elevation, and

Figs. 2 and 2 form a front View, showing the two mats being separated and'drawn off the machine, and Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views.

Figs. 5 and 6 show, respectively in plan and elevation, the arrangement used for reciprocating the beater-bars. Fig. 7 is a plan of the knife, and Figs.v 8 and .9.are respectively a side view and plan showing the formation of the mat.

' A is the framework or casting of the machine and is of the usual character, it carrying thedriving-shaft B, with fiy-wheels b and shaft-pulleys I), through which power is applied to drive the machine This shaft is driven at a considerable speed and operates the knife for cutting the pile through special gearing, as hereinafter described. A pinion b on this shaft gears into a larger wheel 0 on the shaft 0, driving it at a much lower speed. From this shaft, through the action of the various devices, some of which are already known and used, thehealds lifting the warp and pile threads are operated. The wheel 0 gears into a smaller wheel d on the shaft D, driving it at double the speed. From the shaft D are driven the beaters and the rollers which withdraw the woven mats.

The frame a at the top of the machine supports the healds E and E belonging to the ground warps, the set E operating the upper warp F and the set E the lower warp F. These healds slide up and down in grooves in the frame a, and are connected by the rods or lines e and e to the ends of the lovers G and G on a shaft carried by the frame A, the set of hecldles E being operated by the levers G and the set E by G. On the shaft 0 are fixed the wheels 0, each furnished with a tappet c and a recess 0 a tappet and a recess being placed side by side in the width of the wheel. The tappet and recess on one wheel are arranged diametrically opposite to those on the other. It is obvious that instead of only two wheels being employed four may be used, each one having either a tappet or a recess, but not both, as is the case in the arrangement shown. On each of the levers G and G is placed a roller 'g or g at the side. hen the wheel 0 revolves, so that itstappet and recess come into play, the tappet will bear on the roller belonging to one lever and cause through the connection 6 the corresponding heald E to be lowered. To the top of each heald is connected a cord or line c passing over a pulley 6. Two lines are used, one to each pair of healds, each line passing from the top of one heald E over a pulley to the top of the corresponding heald E, so that should one heald E, belonging to the lower warp, be operated the corresponding one E, belonging to the upper warp, will also be operated. Thus when one lever G is pushed down by the tappet c a heald E is pulled down and the corresponding one E is raised through the connecting-cord pulling up the lever G, and thus causing its rollers g to enter the recess. The recess is employed in order to render the working of the arrangement smoother, as the rollers will then always be in contact with the wheel 0.

It will be seen the healds E are always raised and E lowered to open the warp, the healds occnpying reversed positions on the next pick. The pile-threads H and II also proceed from the back of the machine and are fed over suitable rollers, which give the required tension. These threads pass through the healds J and J, which are placed at the front of the frame a, the heald J, with the pile-threads H, being shown in the upper position, and heald J, with threads H", in the lower. The healds J and J carry alternate pile-threads, each thus carrying one-half of the pile-warps and operating alternately. Each of these healds is furnished with a rack j, and a small toothed wheel or pinion j is placed between them, pivoted to the frame a, so that when one moves up or down in its groove the other will move an equal distance in the opposite direction. The front heald J is directly operated by the driving mechanism, a lever K being employed pivoted to the frame and oscillated by a link 71:, connected to a crank-disk G on the shaft 0. The heald J is thus moved twice for each revolution of the shaft 0, completing its cycle of movement once in each revolution and operating the healds J and J reversely, so that they change positions regularly, the front being at the bottom of its stroke while the rear is at the top, and vice versa. The thread 11 at the next motion will start from the upper web and be pulled by the heald J below the lower warp, and the thread H will take up the position given in the drawings to H, so that each thread passes alternately around the upper and lower wefts. The lever K is formed with ,a slot at its end, into which a pin it on the heald J projects for the purpose of operating the heald.

The shuttle-arm L is operated in a manner well known in loo1ns,the spindle i being raised periodically by means of the lever 2', so that a collar 0 on the spindle is brought into such a position that a tappet I) on the wheel b will strike against it. This causes the arm L to turn suddenly and throw simultaneously the shuttles M along the shuttle-box N to the opposite side, the same operation taking place at the other side for the return passage. At

the back of the shuttle-box are placed the bars 0, which slide in a groove n. These bars are of a depth equal to the distance it is desired to keep the warps, and they meet at the center when in operative position, so as to extend straight across the warp. They are formed as light frames having 011 top of the lower side a rack 0, by which they are driven to and fro, a small pinion P, turning in bearin gs in the box N, being employed for that purpose. This is revolved by a shaft P, extending from the front to the rear of the machine, being driven intermittently by bevel-gearing p at the back. The bevel-gearing is operated through the levers Q and chains or connections (1 by a tappet and recess q 1 belonging to awheel Q, fixed on the shaft D, which at the proper time push. down the lever and revolve the gearing. The arrangement of tappet and recess is similar to that of the healdoperating mechanism, and is shown in detail in Figs. 3 to 6, which are respectively a side and an end elevation of the device. The chains or connections pass over pulleys p on the shaft 19 carrying the beveled gearing, being wound on the said pulleys in opposite directions, so that on one lever Q being loweredand the shaft turned in one direction the other lever will be pulled up and its chain wound on the pulley, the action being reversed for each stroke given by the tappei's.

The shaft 1) is formed with a long slot P, and the pinion P is connected to it by a pin 19 passing through the slot. This allows the beater-bars O and the shuttle-box to be moved from back to front without the pinion becoming disconnected. The beater-frame R is fitted to the shuttle-box and bar-carrier and travels 011 guides R at top and bottom, being furnished with suitable rollers for that purpose.

The beater-frame is oscillated by the lever S, to which it is connected by link .9. This lever is provided with a roller operated by the cam T on the shaft D. This cam, as shown, is of such a form that for each revolution of the shaft the beater will be thrown forward and brought back twice, remaining in the rear position until the shuttles have again passed through, thus giving a double stroke for each passage of the shuttle. At the first stroke the bars 0 are in their operative position, meeting at the center in front of the ordinary beater-bar. This stroke forces the pile up tightly against the woven fabrics. At the second stroke the bars are withdrawn and the ordinary vertical beater-bars or reeds are allowed to come into action, finishing the operation ready for the next thread.

To separate the double mat with the cross woven pile, the horizontal knife U is en1- ployed, loosely pivoted by means of a slot '10 at one end, and oscillated at the other by a shaft u, with disk a and pin a. This shaft is driven by bevel-gearin g u from the shaft V, which is revolved by the belt or chain '0 from a pulley on the driving shaft B, the

knife being thus oscillated at a rapid rate. The mats are withdrawn by the pull-off rollers WV at the front of the machine, of which there are two sets, one for the upper mat and one for the lower, all geared so as to work simultaneously and operated by the ratchetwheel w, the pawl-lever w, connecting-rod 10 lever 20 and crank-disk W on the shaft D. The rollers IV are arranged to work simultaneously by means of the connectingchains 10 at each side connecting the two rollers in each pair together, and the gearwheels 10 at the opposite side gearing the two middle rollers together, causing the two pairs to turn in opposite directions. The required length of mat is thus drawn off after each throw of the shuttle.

In Figs. 2 and 2 at the upper part the appearance of the back of the complete mat is shown, illustrating the manner in which the pile-threads are placed, the pile being shown of triple thread.

Figs. 8 and 9 show in detail the formation of the mat, the pile-threads being arranged in sets of three, while the web is composed of single threads. The resultant mat is of the style well known as the diamond back pattern, the pile-threads being woven alternately on the wefts instead of being arranged in transverse rows, as is commonly the case with machine-made mats of this description.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is- 1. In a loom for weaving double pile mats, the combination with two sets of healds for the ground warps, two shuttles carrying the wefts, and two healds for the pile warps, of a beater formed of the usual beater bars, two horizontal sliding bars meeting at the center and adapted to separate the two ground fabrics, mechanism for reciprocating these bars transversely, and lever and connections for operating the heater and a tappet actuating the lever, the beaterbeing adapted to give two beats for each throw of the shuttle, one with the horizontal bars in operation, and the second with the said bars withdrawn, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a loom for weaving double pile mats, the combination of two sets of healds for the ground warps, two shuttles carrying wefts, two healds with the pile warps, and mechanism for operating the said shuttles and healds, 5 5

of a beater formed of the usual beater-bars, mechanism for operating the said beater, two horizontal sliding bars meeting at the center, a rack on each of the said sliding bars, pinions engaging with the racks, gearing revolv- 6o ing the pinions, lever mechanism connected with the gearing and tappets on a shaft operating the said mechanism, the beater having two beats for each throw of the shuttle, one with the horizontal bars in operation, the- 65 second with the said bars withdrawn, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The improved loom for weaving double pile mats, having four healds for the ground warps and two for the pile warps, two shut- 7o tles carrying the wefts, and mechanism for operating the said parts, a heater carrying double sliding bars meeting at the center, separating the two wefts, rack and pinion motion operating the said bars, mechanism 75 adapted to give double motion to the said beater for each throw of the shuttles, a horizontal knife separating the pile threads uniting the two fabrics, and mechanism for oscillating the said knife, all constructed and op- 80.

crating substantially in the manner described and shown and for the purposes'specified.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

OWEN BULLOCK. VV-ILLIAIWI HENRY FORTY.

In presence of- FRANK WILLIAM PATTISON, ALBERT EDWARD ELLEN. 

